Survey Sampling Design and Regression Analysis using SAS SURVEYREG

Simple random sampling given the population size

http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_surveyreg_sect003.htm

Confirm that regular regression analysis produces larger standard errors. Using the total sample size as a part of the modeling process, PROC SURVEYREG achieves smaller standard errors (more precise measurement).
data IceCream;
input Grade Spending Income Kids @@;
datalines;
7 7 39 2 7 7 38 1 8 12 47 1
9 10 47 4 7 1 34 4 7 10 43 2
7 3 44 4 8 20 60 3 8 19 57 4
7 2 35 2 7 2 36 1 9 15 51 1
8 16 53 1 7 6 37 4 7 6 41 2
7 6 39 2 9 15 50 4 8 17 57 3
8 14 46 2 9 8 41 2 9 8 41 1
9 7 47 3 7 3 39 3 7 12 50 2
7 4 43 4 9 14 46 3 8 18 58 4
9 9 44 3 7 2 37 1 7 1 37 2
7 4 44 2 7 11 42 2 9 8 41 2
8 10 42 2 8 13 46 1 7 2 40 3
9 6 45 1 9 11 45 4 7 2 36 1
7 9 46 1
;
run;

proc surveyreg data=IceCream total=4000;
model Spending = Income / solution;
run;

proc reg data=icecream;
model spending=income;run;

Stratified Sampling
http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_surveyreg_sect004.htm

data IceCream;
input Grade Spending Income Kids @@;
datalines;
7 7 39 2 7 7 38 1 8 12 47 1
9 10 47 4 7 1 34 4 7 10 43 2
7 3 44 4 8 20 60 3 8 19 57 4
7 2 35 2 7 2 36 1 9 15 51 1
8 16 53 1 7 6 37 4 7 6 41 2
7 6 39 2 9 15 50 4 8 17 57 3
8 14 46 2 9 8 41 2 9 8 41 1
9 7 47 3 7 3 39 3 7 12 50 2
7 4 43 4 9 14 46 3 8 18 58 4
9 9 44 3 7 2 37 1 7 1 37 2
7 4 44 2 7 11 42 2 9 8 41 2
8 10 42 2 8 13 46 1 7 2 40 3
9 6 45 1 9 11 45 4 7 2 36 1
7 9 46 1
;
run;

data StudentTotals;
input Grade _TOTAL_;
datalines;
7 1824
8 1025
9 1151
;run;

data IceCream2;
set IceCream;
if Grade=7 then Prob=20/1824;
if Grade=8 then Prob=9/1025;
if Grade=9 then Prob=11/1151;
Weight=1/Prob;
run;

proc surveyreg data=IceCream2 total=StudentTotals;
strata Grade /list;
class Kids;
model Spending = Income / solution;
weight Weight;
run;

proc reg data=icecream2;
model spending=income;
weight Weight;
run;

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